World Wide Web Watch | Han XU's Weblog

[Semantic Web][课程主页]語意網與資訊網服務 网上资源,  科学研究 转载自: http://snoopy.cs.nccu.edu.tw/entlab/sematic.htm 語意網與資訊網服務 (Semantic Web and Web Services)   2004年春季班 指導老師：胡毓忠 教授 上課時間： 星期 五< 徐涵（Han Xu） 发表于 2004/12/9 15:28:47 | 阅读全文(3151) | 回复(0) | 编辑 | 精华 | 删除

[Research Career]新知识观：研究性学习的知识论基础 文章收藏 转载自: http://www.being.org.cn/inquiry/ilbase.htm 新知识观：研究性学习的知识论基础 作者：王升　高吉魁 　　摘　要：新知识观关于知识性质的看法在本质上内含着它在学习方式上对研究性学习的必然选择。世界经合组织从经济学角度对知识的分类为我们进行研究性学习中的内容选择提供了方法论指导，显性知识和缄默知识是我们重视研究性学习的一个理由，从私人知识转化成社会知识需要研究性学习作为教学手段，小知与大知的分类为学生打破学科限制的课题研究提供了理论基础。 　　关键词：知识观；研究性学习 　　知识观是人们对什么知识最有用和掌握什么样知识的根本看法，不同的知识观会形成不同的教学观、课程观，如传统知识观重视陈述性知识，这便产生了接受性教学。一种什么样的知识观需要研究性学习，或者说，研究性学习是建立在什么样的知识观的基础上的，这个的问题的思考对于深入开展研究性学习有重要的价值。 一、新知识观关于知识性质的看法，在本质上内含着它在学习方式上对研究性学习的必然选择 　　传统知识观认为知识具有客观性、普通性和中立性。所谓“客观性”，即指知识陈述正确地反映了事物的本质属性或事物与事物之间的本质联系，与事物本身的属性及事物与事物之间的本来关系相符合；所谓“普遍性”是指“普遍的可证实性”以及建立在其上的“普遍的可接纳性”；所谓“中立性”，也称“价值中立”，即知识是纯粹经验和理智的产物，只与认识对象的客观属性和认识主体的认识能力有关，而不与认识主体的性别、种族以及所持的意识形态等等有关。在传统知识性质观的影响下，形成了以知识传授为基本特征的教育观。 　　新知识观认为，认识对象并不是独立于认识主体的客观存在，缺乏认识主体的认识兴趣及其他许多与认识行为相关的条件，就不会有任何的认识对象。正是这种建立在一定社会政治、经济和文化发展状况的基础上的对知识的价值需要，以及其他许多与认识行为有关的条件，使认识主体“选择”了认识对象，建构了认识对象。而认识活动也是以认识主体的“先有”、“先见”为基础的，这种“先在结构”决定和制约着认识主体在认识活动中进行着某种自觉或不自觉的选择和取舍，它不可能是对纯粹实体的纯粹“复写”和“描述”。从来不存在脱离社会历史和现实的认识主体，也从来不存在脱离社会历史和现实的认识活动、认识产品和对认识产品的辩护，它不可避免地要受到所在的文化传统和文化模式的制约，与一定文化体系中的价值观念、生活方式、语言符号乃至人生信仰不可分割。所以，新知识观认为“文化性”而非“客观性”才是所有知识的基本属性。缘此，没有哪一种人类知识的客观性是绝对、纯粹而不需要进一步质疑的，任何一个时代的人们都需要对前人获得的种种知识进行新的审视、修正或 徐涵（Han Xu） 发表于 2004/12/8 10:44:53 | 阅读全文(4265) | 回复(0) | 编辑 | 精华 | 删除

[Semantic Web][收藏]Recommended readings on Meta-data -- 作者：Da 文章收藏 本文转载自W3CHINA.ORG讨论区(BBS.W3CHINA.ORG)   原文链接 作者：Da 以下为原文： Recommended readings on Meta-data Yesterday I wrote a reply to "急！请问元数据和本体的区别？？" (see that thread's postings for details). As a follow-up here is an article I found very nicely written: http://www.netcrucible.com/semantic.html (Making a Semantic Web by Joshua Allen) Allen starts by discussing a simple case: making use of meta-data to describe webpages so that we can get more information about the contents of those webpages. This leads us, step by step, to the *need* of setting up a rather decentralized pool of such meta-data. I found this way of thinking about the semantic Web closest to my taste: it does not start by describing the "finished" layered cake of the Semantic Web, rather it starts by asking how to use existing tools to make a prototype one (at least in principle). Surely, Allen's article also contains plenty of things that are not that essential to the semantic web (and the article was written 4 years ago). But altogether a very refreshing presentation of the whole picture. Highly recommended, especially to those of us who are quite tired of the "layered pyramid" type of presenting the sem. w 徐涵（Han Xu） 发表于 2004/12/7 20:22:48 | 阅读全文(2432) | 回复(0) | 编辑 | 精华 | 删除

[People][2004-12-3]]国际数学大师陈省身在天津病逝 事件记录,  科学研究 转载自: http://news.xinhuanet.com/newscenter/2004-12/03/content_2292368.htm 国际数学大师陈省身在天津病逝                   12月3日夜，南开大学数千名学生自发地聚集在校园内新开湖畔，手捧蜡烛，烛光守夜，缅怀刚刚去世的国际数学大师、南开数学研究所名誉所长陈省身先生。 3日晚19时14分，国际数学大师、著名教育家、中国科学院外籍院士、南开数学研究所名誉所长陈省身先生在天津病逝，享年93岁。 新华社记者李靖摄 南开学子深切缅怀国际数学大师陈省身先生 >>>网友请留言      新华网天津１２月３日电 （记者李靖）国际数学大师、中科院外籍院士陈省身３日晚在天津病逝，享年９３岁。陈省身１９３０年毕业于南开大学，１９３４年毕业于   徐涵（Han Xu） 发表于 2004/12/4 13:38:15 | 阅读全文(3773) | 回复(0) | 编辑 | 精华 | 删除

[SWS]A Policy Based Approach to Security for the Semantic Web (Rei - a policy language) 网上资源,  科学研究 Author: Lalana Kagal et al., Title: A Policy Based Approach to Security for the Semantic Web CNF: InProceedings, 2nd International Semantic Web Conference (ISWC2003), September 2003. Comment:   OWL-S has been linked to Rei. Rei is a RDF-Schema-based language for policy specification. It is modeled on deontic concepts of rights, prohibitions, obligations and dispensations. These constructs have four attributes: actor, action, provision, and constraint. Constraint specifies conditions over the actor, action, and any other context entity that must be true at invocation. Provisions, which represent the actor’s obligations, describe conditions that should be true after invocation. These basic constructs allow Rei to represent different kinds of policies, including authorization, privacy and confidentiality. The class Policy is at the root of the Rei ontology. Policy has subclasses of PrivacyPolicy, AuthorizationPolicy and ConfidentialityPolicy. Rei’s Policy class is linked with the OWL-S ontology by defining a new OWL-S description property, policyEnforced, of which Policy is the range (see www.csee.umbc.edu/~lkagal/rei/examples/ses-sec/swspolicy.owl). Linking OWL-S with Rei allows specification of privacy, authentication and confidentiality to be specified for service providers and requesters. 其他资料：Lalana Kagal, 徐涵（Han Xu） 发表于 2004/11/30 20:43:27 | 阅读全文(4073) | 回复(0) | 编辑 | 精华 | 删除

[SWS]The WS-Resource Framework (WSRF) 文章收藏,  科学研究 转载自: http://www.w3.org/Submission/2004/SUBM-OWL-S-related-20041122/#ref:wsrf Title: The WS-Resource Framework (WSRF), January 2004. URL: http://www.globus.org/wsrf/ Comment: The OGSI framework has been recently refactored to define a family of related specifications that could be adopted on a piecemeal basis. This refactoring together with some extensions to keep pace with changes in Web services standards forms the WS-Resource Framework (WSRF) [24]. Although OGSI and WSRF go beyond WSDL with the specification of several kinds of specialised port types and fault messages, unlike OWL-S, they does not attempt to describe the behaviour of Grid or Web services. In this sense, OWL-S is complementary to both these specifications. 徐涵（Han Xu） 发表于 2004/11/29 1:31:59 | 阅读全文(3458) | 回复(1) | 编辑 | 精华 | 删除

[SWS]Adapting BPEL4WS for the Semantic Web: The Bottom-Up Approach to Web Service Interoperation 文章收藏,  科学研究 转载自: http://www.w3.org/Submission/2004/SUBM-OWL-S-related-20041122/#ref:sds Authors:  Daniel J. Mandell and Sheila A. McIlraith. Title:  Adapting BPEL4WS for the Semantic Web: The Bottom-Up Approach to Web Service Interoperation. CNF: Proceedings of the Second International Semantic Web Conference (ISWC2003), Sanibel Island, Florida, 2003. URL: http://www.cs.toronto.edu/~sheila/iswc2003sam-djm.pdf COMMENT: While there is overlap in the conceptual models of OWL-S and BPEL4WS, OWL-S truly complements BPEL4WS. Recent work has shown how BPEL4WS can leverage rich OWL-S descriptions of services to augment its functionality to include tasks such as dynamic partner binding and semantic integration, 徐涵（Han Xu） 发表于 2004/11/29 1:15:32 | 阅读全文(6564) | 回复(0) | 编辑 | 精华 | 删除

[SWS]Constraints and Capabilities for Web Services 文章收藏 转载自: http://www.w3.org/2004/09/ws-cc-program#papers   好多position paper和slides. 徐涵（Han Xu） 发表于 2004/11/28 16:31:57 | 阅读全文(2084) | 回复(0) | 编辑 | 精华 | 删除

[SWS]一个DAML-S Matcher 网上资源,  科学研究 http://ivs.tu-berlin.de/Jaeger/damlsmatcher/   Introduction | Download The DAML-S Matcher Sceenshot Windows XP Sceenshot Mac OS X What is the DAML-S Matcher? The DAML-S Matcher is a Java implementation of a matchmaking algorithm for matching DAML-S compliant descriptions. DAML-S is an upper ontology that defines a vocabulary for expressing service descriptions. DAML-S can be used to define a classification for a Web service and to describe its characteristics. DAML-S is based on DAML+OIL, which is a so called ontolo 徐涵（Han Xu） 发表于 2004/11/26 0:12:25 | 阅读全文(2650) | 回复(0) | 编辑 | 精华 | 删除

[SWS][People] Terry R. Payne 网上资源,  科学研究 转载自: http://www.ecs.soton.ac.uk/~trp/#Publications --> Terry R. Payne Lecturer [i] 4211 Zepler Hall Extn: 28343 Electronics a 徐涵（Han Xu） 发表于 2004/11/25 17:56:35 | 阅读全文(8204) | 回复(0) | 编辑 | 精华 | 删除

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