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建立时间:2006年5月29日 |
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 [Java Open Source]在单元测试中使用EasyMock
软件技术, 电脑与网络
lhwork 发表于 2006/6/21 17:35:22 |
| 我们每天的开发中都要编写大量的单元测试，很多单元测试的对象是相对独立的，例如一个所得税计算的模块，但是更多的单元测试需要依赖其他的组件或者服务。因此，我们需要EasyMock来无缝的连接这些组件。Mock的意思就是空的，不存在的东西。
EasyMock刚刚发布了2.2版本，它开始使用很多基于jdk 1.5的特性。
下面我们举一个例子：
假设定义一个如下的接口：
public interface ISimpsonService { IEpisode getEpisode(int number);}
public interface IEpisode { int getNumber(); String getTitle(); InputStream getDataAsStream();}
该接口的实现为
public class ClientSimpsonService implements ISimpsonService { private ISimpsonService remoteSimpsonService; public ClientSimpsonService(ISimpsonService remoteSimpsonService) { this.remoteSimpsonService = remoteSimpsonService; } public IEpisode getEpisode(int episodeNumber) { return null; }}
对该服务的单元测试如下
public class ClientSimpsonServiceTest extends TestCase { public void testClientSimpsonService() { try { new ClientSimpsonService(null); fail("Expected IllegalArgumentException"); } catch (IllegalArgumentException e) { // expected } }
我们可以看到因为没有remoteSimpsonService，所以我们只传一个null给ClientSimpsonService，
这样是无法完成测试的。所以我们把还没有写的remoteSimpsonService用mock替代。
import static org.easymock.EasyMock.createMock;import junit.framework.TestCase;public class ClientSimpsonServiceTest extends TestCase { private ISimpsonService remoteSimpsonServiceMock; protected void setUp() throws Exception { super.setUp(); remoteSimpsonServiceMock = createMock(ISimpsonService.class); } public void testClientSimpsonService() { try { new ClientSimpsonService(null); fail("Expected IllegalArgumentException"); } catch (IllegalArgumentException e) { // expected } new ClientSimpsonService(remoteSimpsonServiceMock); }}
上面的黑体代码中，我们创建了一个ISimpsonService.class的mock，它拥有和ISimpsonService一样的
接口。
同样的方法，我们可以定义ISimpsonService返回的对象IEpisode
import static org.easymock.EasyMock.createMock;import static org.easymock.EasyMock.expect;import static org.easymock.EasyMock.replay;import static org.easymock.EasyMock.verify;import junit.framework.TestCase;public class ClientSimpsonServiceTest extends TestCase { private IEpisode episode17Mock; private ISimpsonService remoteSimpsonServiceMock; protected void setUp() throws Exception { super.setUp(); episode17Mock = createMock(IEpisode.class); remoteSimpsonServiceMock = createMock(ISimpsonService.class); }... public void testGetEpisode() throws Exception { expect(remoteSimpsonServiceMock.getEpisode(17)) .andReturn(episode17Mock); replay(remoteSimpsonServiceMock); ISimpsonService clientSimpsonService = new ClientSimpsonService(remoteSimpsonServiceMock); IEpisode result = clientSimpsonService.getEpisode(17); verify(remoteSimpsonServiceMock); assertEquals(episode17Mock, result); }
上文仅仅是抛砖引玉，想了解更多EasyMock，请参看
http://today.java.net/pub/a/today/2006/06/20/getting-started-with-easymock-2.html |
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