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freebsd 6.2 安装配置笔记
#最小化安装后….sysinstall,改口令,时区,src-sys,ports,man,Xorg, bash3,cvsup-without-gui,lynx,linux,unzip并设置网卡,sshd服务
++开启sshd服务vi /etc/ssh/sshd_config ,加入以下行PermitRootLogin yes退出后重启服务即可 /etc/rc.d/sshd restart
++csh改bashchfn -s /usr/local/bin/bash username
++开机自动启动gnomeecho "exec /usr/local/bin/gnome-session" >/root/.xinitrc在/etc/rc.conf 加入 gdm_enable="YES"
###++更新cvsup (第二次安装时没有更新cvsup,我只是用来做桌面系统而已)###cd /usr/share/examples/cvsup###编辑ports-supfile###*default host=cvsup.FreeBSDChina.org ###cvsup -g -L 2 ports-supfile
++使用wget/axel加速你的port下载通过修改make.conf实现#FETCH_CMD=proz -s -k 5 –no-cursesFETCH_CMD= wget -c -t 1 DISABLE_SIZE=yes
++选择快的 ports 服务器修改 /etc/make.conf 文件，在其中的最后部分加入如下语句：MASTER_SITE_OVERRIDE= \ftp://ftp.FreeBSDChina.org/pub/FreeBSD/ports/distfiles/${DIST_SUBDIR} \ftp://ftp.FreeBSDChina.org/pub/FreeBSD/ports/distfiles/${DIST_SUBDIR} \ftp://ftp.cn.freebsd.org/pub/FreeBSD/ports/distfiles/${DIST_SUBDIR} \ftp://ftp.tw.FreeBSD.org/pub/FreeBSD/ports/distfiles/${DIST_SUBDIR} \
++安装常用软件,pkg_add和make两种安装方法请开两个终端来安装mkdir /usr/ports/distfiles/pkgexport PACKAGESITE=ftp://ftp.freebsdchina.org/pub/FreeBSD/ports/i386/packages-6.2-release/Latest/ export PKGDIR=/usr/ports/distfiles/pkg #export PACKAGESITE=ftp://ftp.freebsdchina.org/pub/FreeBSD/ports/i386/packages-6-stable/Latest/ #pkg_add -K参数可以将tbz源保存到$PKGDIR目录下,根据需要使用此参数pkg_add -rK wget prozilla gaim gaim-openq eva vsftpd gftp xpdf rdesktop stardict zh-stardict2-dict-zh_CN compupic gthumb zh-fcitx xchm.tbz zh-unrarfirefox2(6-stable源是3.0版本) fusefs-libs fusefs-kmod
++安装多媒体下载下面的包,并安装http://ftp.br.freebsd.org/local/packages/audio/lame-3.97_1.tbzftp://ftp.nsysu.edu.tw/FreeBSD/ports/i386/packages-5-stable/All/win32-codecs-3.1.0.p7_2,1.tbzpkg_add -rK zh-xmms xmms-wma mplayer mplayer-fonts zh-mplayer-fonts kmplayer xine beep-media-player bmp-extra-plugins aumix #音量控制++xmms播放列表解决方法打开xmms，然后，[首选项]–>[字体],将playlist变成：-misc-simsun-medium-r-normal-*-*-120-*-*-p-*-gb2312.1980-0",*-r-*
++安装声卡的驱动kldload snd_driver #一次加载了最常见的设备驱动dmesg | grep pcmcat /dev/sndstat,得到信息格式如下FreeBSD Audio Driver (newpcm)Installed devices:pcm0: ; at io 0xdc00, 0xe000 irq 11 bufsz 16384 kld snd_ich (1p/1r/0v channels duplex default)说明该声卡的类型为：snd_ich#vi /boot/defaults/loader.conf修改：snd_ich_load="NO" #intel Tch 这一行，改成：snd_ich_load="YES" #intel Tch(注意：如果在声卡驱动的这个小节，没有发现你的声卡类型，也可以手工自己加入一行，内容为你的声卡类型_load = "YES" )或直接在内核编译来支持声卡。 device sound device snd_ich
++定制内核/stand/sysinstall–>Configure–>Distributions–>src–>sys安装后应该有/usr/src/sys文件夹/boot/kernel/kernel #内核文件cd /usr/src/sys/i386/conf && cp GENERIC GENERIC.bakvi GENERIC #根据文档注释修改即可,不需要的行首加##cpu I486_CPU#cpu I586_CPUcpu I686_CPUident NEWKER \\这里改成你内核的新名字options SC_DISABLE_REBOOT \\在控制台禁用CTRL+ALT+DEL键\\加入防火墙options IPFIREWALLoptions IPFIREWALL_VERBOSEoptions IPFIREWALL_VERBOSE_LIMIT=5options TCP_DROP_SYNFIN\\下面这两条不加 apache2有点问题options ACCEPT_FILTER_DATAoptions ACCEPT_FILTER_HTTP# PCI Ethernet NICs. #将这一部分的其它网卡型号注释掉,仅保留当前网卡驱动即可device miibus # MII bus support \\保留/usr/sbin/config GENERIC #产生内核源代码cd ../compile/GENERICmake depend && make && make install或#make buildkernel KERNCONF=NEWKER #make installkernel KERNCONF=NEWKER
++配置防火墙/etc/rc.conf\\加入以下内容firewall_enable="YES"firewall_script="/etc/rc.firewall"firewall_type="/etc/ipfw.rules" \\这是防火墙自定义脚本firewall_quiet="NO"firewall_logging_enable="YES"log_in_vain="NO"tcp_drop_synfin="NO"tcp_restrict_rst="YES"icmp_drop_redirect="YES"保存退出vi /etc/ipfw.rules\\ 大家注意 -q 前面要加一个空格-q -f flush-q add 00301 allow all from any to any via lo0-q add 00302 check-state-q add 00303 allow tcp from any to 10.72.255.131 53 out via vr0 setup keep-state \\ 10.72.255.131 是DNS地址,大家根据本地的改下-q add 00400 allow udp from any to 10.72.255.131 53 out via vr0 keep-state \\ vr0 是我网卡的名称,大家根据己的改,以下都是一样-q add 00500 allow tcp from any to any 80 in via vr0 setup keep-state-q add 00900 allow tcp from any to any 25 out via vr0 setup keep-state-q add 01200 allow tcp from any to any via vr0 setup keep-state uid root-q add 01300 allow icmp from any to any in via vr0 keep-state-q add 01400 allow tcp from any to any 21 in via vr0 setup keep-state-q add 01500 allow tcp from any to me 21 in via vr0 setup limit src-addr 2-q add 01600 allow tcp from any to any 22 in via vr0 setup keep-state-q add 01800 allow tcp from any to me 22 in via vr0 setup limit src-addr 2保存退出
++中文字体将xp上simsun.ttc tahoma.ttf拷至/usr/X11R6/lib/X11/fonts/TTF/,并改扩展名为ttffc-cache -fv
++配置fcitxcd /usr/ports/chinese/fcitxmake install clean在~/.profile 文件中加以下三行 #因我用的是bashexport LANG="zh_CN.eucCN"export LC_CTYPE="zh_CN.eucCN"export XMODIFIERS='@im=fcitx'
++vim配置cd /usr/ports/editors/vim && make install clean #安装vimcp /usr/local/share/vim/vim70/vimrc_example.vim ~/.vimrc编辑.vimrc,注释掉" set nocompatible行
++安装ntfs写支持安装 Kernel source手工下载软件包http://ftp.lv.freebsd.org/pub/FreeBSD/ports/packages/Latest/fusefs-ntfs.tbz pkg_add path/fusefs-ntfs.tbz
++JAVA环境安装1.open http://www.sun.com/software/java2/download.html, download the SCSL Source file,jdk-1_5_0-src-scsl.zip and the SCSL Binaries file, jdk-1_5_0-bin-scsl.zip .2.In addition, please download the patchset, bsd-jdk15-patches-3.tar.bz2, from http://www.eyesbeyond.com/freebsddom/java/jdk15.html.3.manually fetch the J2SE SDK self-extracting file for the Linux platform (j2sdk-1_4_2_12-linux-i586.bin) from http://javashoplm.sun.com/ECom/docs/Welcome.jsp?StoreId=22&PartDetailId=j2sdk-1.4.2_12-oth-JPR&SiteId=JSC&TransactionId=noreg4.Please place the downloaded file(s) in /usr/ports/distfilespkg_add -rK m4 pkg_add -rK zip
++vsftpd配置编辑 /usr/local/etc/vsftpd.conf加入三行listen=YESftp_username=ftplocal_enable=YESanon_upload_enable=YESanon_mkdir_write_enable=YESwrite_enable=YES
++linux下fdisk工具pkg_add -rK linuxfdisk
===其它===++挂设备mount_cd9660 -C gbk /dev/acd0 /mnt/cdrom #加-C eucCN为了显示中文文件名mount_msdosfs #fatmount_ntfs #ntfs
++如何以关键字搜寻 portscd /usr/ports/make search key=ldapmake search name=ldap #知道软件名用这个
make fetch-recursive |
