[Semantic Web][People] Drew V. McDermott

转载自: http://cs-www.cs.yale.edu/homes/dvm/ 500)this.width=500'>Memorial Day, 2004 Drew V. McDermott I am interested in artificial intelligence, specifically automated planning, robotics, and agent communication. DAML Project Automatic Tools for Mapping Among Ontologies DAML-Time Ontology (See also the DAML-Time home page) Planning Domain Definition Language PDDL is the language originally developed by the AIPS-98 Competition Committee for use in defining problem domains. The original version, PDDL 1.7, is still available. The 2002 version is called PDDL2.1, and contains many new features, mainly connected with adding time and objective functions to the language. Unfortunately, certain features of the original language have been removed for "retuning." Hopefully in the future we'll see a reconvergence as hierarchical-planning features are integrated back into PDDL. The 2004 version is called PDDL2.2. It is adds derived predicates and timed initial literals. The former are just backward-chaining axioms that allow a planner to achieve a goal by making the antecedent of one of the them true. The latter are literals that will become true at a predictable time independent of what the planning agent does. Opt is a successor to PDDL, including durative actions, autonomous processes, a completely revised hierarchical planning notation, and a more robust type system. It incorporates all the features of PDDL2.2. The AI Planning Systems Competition The 2004 competiotion Competition 2002 Results 2000 Results 1998.. Publications: In reverse chronological order: Dejing Dou, Drew McDermott, and Peishen Qi 2003 Ontology Translation on the Semantic Web. Proc. Int'l Conf. on Ontologies, Databases and Applications of Semantics Drew McDermott 2003b The Formal Semantics of Processes in PDDL. Proc. ICAPS Workshop on PDDL Drew McDermott 2003 (ps) (pdf)Reasoning about autonomous processes in an estimated-regression planner. Proc. Int'l. Conf. on Automated Planning and Scheduling 2003 Dejing Dou, Drew McDermott, and Peishen Qi 2002(ps) (pdf) Ontology translation by ontology merging and automated reasoning. In {\it Proc. EKAW Workshop on Ontologies for Multi-Agent Systems}. Drew McDermott and Mark Burstein 2002 Extending an estimated-regression planner for multi-agent planning. {\it Proc. AAAI Workshop on Planning by and for Multi-Agent Systems}. Drew McDermott and Dejing Dou 2002 Representing disjunction and quantifiers in RDF {\it Proc. Int'l Semantic Web Conference}. Drew McDermott, Mark Burstein, and Douglas Smith 2002 Overcoming ontology mismatches in transactions with self-describing agents.(pdf) In {\it The Emerging Semantic Web: Selected Papers from the First Semantic Web Working Symposium}, pp.~228--244 Drew McDermott and Dejing Dou 2002 Representing Disjunction and Quantifiers in RDF. (pdf) To appear, Semantic Web Conference 2002. Drew McDermott 2002 Estimated-Regression Planning for Interactions with Web Services. (pdf) AI Planning Systems Conference 2002 Mark Burstein, Drew McDermott, Douglas Smith, and Steven Westfold 2002 Derivation of glue code for agent interoperation. (pdf) To appear, J. Autonomous Agents and Multi-Agent Systems Drew McDermott 2001, Mind and Mechanism MIT Press, 2001.500)this.width=500'> Drew McDermott, Mark Burstein, and Douglas Smith 2001 (pdf) compressed postscript Overcoming ontology mismatches in transactions with self-describing service agents. International Semantic Web Workshop, July, 2001. Mark Burstein, Drew McDermott, Douglas Smith, and Steven Westfold 2000 Derivation of glue code for agent interoperation. Proc. Autonomous Agents 2000. Drew McDermott 2000bThe 1998 AI Planning Systems Competition. AI Magazine 2 (2), pp.~35--55 ... papers of older vintage Unpublications: -->Peishen Qi, Drew McDermott, Dejing Dou 2003 Assigning semantic meanings to XML. --> Software Documentation If you want to check out the documentation of the software packages described below, various manuals are available. In some cases the manual is more fully developed than the software; in other cases, the software is ahead. Read the fine print The YTools Manual, version 1.4, (updated 2004-08-20) The Opt Manual, version 1.7.1 (updated 2004-09-11). Lexiparse: A Lexicon-based Parser for Lisp Applications. (Draft 0.33, updated 2004-09-08) The YNisp Manual, version 0.2. This is the extremely out-of-date manual with an apology at the front for the lack of accurate documentation. The Opt and Optop API, version 0.2. Very preliminary manual about how to call the planner and other modules of the Opt/Optop software. Software To use the following packages, download them, untar them, then follow the installation instructions after the table. Untarring will create one or two subdirectories, usually one of which has the same name as the one shown here. (E.g., untarring nity.tar.gz in directory d will create d/nity/ and d/langutils/.) YTools (version 1.4.4, 2004-09-16) is a set of enhancements to Lisp, including improved macros for iteration, formatted I/O, file management, and even backquoting! Documentation includes detailed manual with over 40 pages; see Software Documentation, above, Lexiparse is a parser based on precedence grammar. It includes a lexer and a framework for expressing translations from syntax trees to useful internal data structures. It requires YTools. Nisp (version 2.91.1) is a strongly typed dialect of Lisp, implemented as a collection of macros. Older versions of Nisp (see below) were based on a tool set called "NILS," but recent versions are based on YTools. (Hence it is referred to in some places as YNisp.) The tar file contains a single directory called ydecl which contains all the type-checking stuff. Y oh Y all these names? Just remember that Nisp = YNisp = YTools + ydecl. Nity (version 1.1): is a polymorphic type system used by Opt (and hopefully by Nisp sometime in the future). Includes a parallel directory langutils. Depends on YTools. Opt (version 1.6) [Ontology with Polymorphic Types] is a KR language based on type theory. Includes parallel directory lisplang. It's fully compatible with recent versions of PDDL. (That is, it has that as a goal. Version 1.6 doesn't have absolutely the latest features.) Depends on Nity. Optop(version 1.6) is an estimated-regression planner that can reason about autonomous processes. Acronym must mean something; it seems to connote Opt, optimality, Ordered Plans, being on top, .... Depends on Opt and Nisp. To install any of the above, copy the following code template init-sample.lisp --> (load "sdyt/ytools/ytload/ytload") (setq ytools::config-directory* "dytc/") (setq ytools::ytload-directory* "sdyt/ytools/ytload/") to your Lisp initialization file (which is found in your home directory and has a name like .clinit.cl or .lispworks or .clisprc.lisp or something else). Replace sdyt with the name of the immediate superdirectory where you placed the ytools directory. Replace dytc with your home directory if you are the only user of the software, otherwise in some place that others can put in their search paths. (If you are the only user, you can put it anywhere you like, actually, but the home directory is the obvious thoice.) Now start Lisp and type (yt-install :sysname) to install one of the systems listed above. (Here the names are all lower-case, which matters only in a case-sensitive Lisp.) If you want Optop, you can just type (yt-install :optop) and all the systems it depends on will be installed as well. But it might be clearer to install them in order. The installation process consists of a series of questions about directories, case-sensitivity, various modes, etc., followed by a bunch of compilations. Some Lisps generate an unbelievable number of warnings about unimportant conditions. When I figure out how to turn them off, I'll include that code in future releases. For now, just ignore them. If something blows up, let me know. OH NO!!! All these programs seem to be written in Lisp, which is bad because it looks funny and there's no free standard implementation. But wait ... There is a free standard implemention: CLISP. It's written in C, is compliant with the ANSI standard, and produces byte code as output, so it runs anywhere. It's also easy to install. If you like to think of Python as the last word in high-level scripting languages, you're almost right. One step beyond is Lisp: Python with macros (and without that annoying indentation-dependent syntax). Lisp is defined by an ANSI standard, not a single implementation. Most implementations compile to efficient machine code, so once you outgrow CLISP you can make an easy transition to a full-featured state-of-the-art language. Old Software Unpop is a planner that uses regression-match graphs to control search. PDDL is the Planning Domain Definition Language. Nisp is a macro package that adds strong typing to Common Lisp. (Version 2.8) Deduc, a deductive system built on top of (pieces of) PDDL. Miscellany NIL considered harmful format considered ugly Robocup --> Yale Computer Science Department Owl-S 'produce' example




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