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有意者 发送email mfc42d@sohu.com

fedora linux 禁止输入root，输入root，和密码 然后就出现 故障鉴定 。这是因为fedora linux 默认禁止了root 超级用户。

通过以下修改就可以了。

1.进入普通用户，在终端输入su

2.输入root密码

3.用vi修改两个文件,把auth required pam_succeed_if.so user != root quiet注释掉
vi /etc/pam.d/gdm
vi /etc/pam.d/gdm-password

2、设置后仍然不显示颜色，而是使用下划线代替颜色。这个问题是由变量TERM的值不合适导致的，运行命令echo $TERM显示：vt100

那么在~/.profile或 .bashrc中设置$TERM为：xterm-color，如下所示：

export TERM=xterm-color

然后运行命令： source .profile后即可显示颜色。
echo $TERM 确认一下

鼠标选中 copy paste的方法

Go to Options \ Global Options on the menu:

In the Category listing, click on Terminal, and you should see this section of the configuration screen:

Just check the first two checkboxes, and you are now in business

# Features to include. DO NOT comment these out, use 1 to enable and 0 to
# disable.
!define ENABLE_PASSWORD_SAVE 1

# ENABLE_CLIENT_SERVER enables the point-to-multipoint support. Normally you
# want to have this enabled.
!define ENABLE_CLIENT_SERVER 1

# ENABLE_CLIENT_ONLY removes server-side point-to-multipoint features. This
# depends on ENABLE_CLIENT_SERVER being set to 1.
!define ENABLE_CLIENT_ONLY 0

!define ENABLE_MANAGEMENT 1
!define ENABLE_HTTP_PROXY 1
!define ENABLE_SOCKS 1
!define ENABLE_FRAGMENT 1
!define ENABLE_DEBUG 1

# Branding
!define PRODUCT_NAME      "OpenVPN"
!define PRODUCT_UNIX_NAME "openvpn"
!define PRODUCT_FILE_EXT  "ovpn"

# Include the OpenVPN GUI exe in the installer. Comment out USE_GUI to disable.
!define USE_GUI
!define OPENVPN_GUI_DIR "../openvpn-gui"
!define OPENVPN_GUI     "openvpn-gui-1.0.3.exe"

# Prebuilt libraries.  DMALLOC is optional.
!define OPENSSL_DIR   "./openssl"
!define LZO_DIR    "./lzo"
!define PKCS11_HELPER_DIR "./pkcs11-helper"

# write output files here
!define DIST   "dist"

# tapinstall.exe (a.k.a. devcon.exe) source code. Not needed if DRVBINSRC is
# defined (or if using pre-built mode).
!define TISRC "../tapinstall"

# TAP adapter icon -- visible=0x81 or hidden=0x89
!define PRODUCT_TAP_CHARACTERISTICS     0x81

# TAP adapter metadata. Version information in ../version.m4.
!define PRODUCT_TAP_RELDATE    "04/19/2010"
!define PRODUCT_TAP_DEVICE_DESCRIPTION    "TAP-Win32 Adapter V9"
!define PRODUCT_TAP_PROVIDER    "TAP-Win32 Provider V9"

# Build debugging version of TAP driver
;!define PRODUCT_TAP_DEBUG

# Build debugging version of openvpn.exe
;!define PRODUCT_OPENVPN_DEBUG

# DDK path -- currently Windows 7 WDK
!define DDK_PATH "c:/winddk/7600.16385.1"
;!define DDK_PATH "c:/winddk/6001.18002"

# output path for tap_span.py
!define TAP_DIST "tap_dist"

# Visual studio path
!define MSVC "C:/Program Files/Microsoft Visual Studio 9.0"

# Visual studio C run-time library path
!define MSVC_CRT "../Microsoft.VC90.CRT"

# Code Signing.
# If undefined, don't sign any files.
!define SIGNTOOL        "../signtool"
!define PRODUCT_SIGN_CN "openvpn"

# Directory with prebuilt TAP drivers and tapinstall.exes
!define TAP_PREBUILT "../tap-prebuilt"

; DEBUGGING -- set to something like "-DBG2"
!define OUTFILE_LABEL ""

; DEBUGGING -- set to something like "DEBUG2"
!define TITLE_LABEL ""

然后打开Visual Studio 2008 命令提示，运行 python build_exe.py,编译出openvpn.exe.
如果使用ide进行编译，现在工具->选项，项目和解决方案中vc++目录中添加openssl lzo pkcs11-helper的include和lib 路径。
在项目菜单->openvpn属性中 配置属性->c/c++中预处理器属性页 预处理器定义添加 WIN32_LEAN_AND_MEAN;_MBCS;_CRT_SECURE_NO_DEPRECATE，
在项目菜单->openvpn属性中 配置属性->连接器 输入中 附加依赖项 加入 libeay32.lib ssleay32.lib lzo2.lib crypt32.lib iphlpapi.lib ws2_32.lib wininet.lib。
然后编译即可。

需要注意的是 命令行编译的没有问题，但是vc ide 编译的，运行时出现

出现 Mon Nov 21 17:30:51 2011 us=760000 Error opening registry key: SYSTEM\CurrentCon
trolSet\Control\Class\{4D36E972-E325-11CE-BFC1-08002BE10318}
Mon Nov 21 17:30:51 2011 us=760000 Exiting
Mon Nov 21 17:30:51 2011 us=760000 Closing Win32 semaphore 'openvpn_netcmd'

查看代码

RegOpenKeyEx 返回2 ，通过

 DWORD dwError=0;
  char szError[256]={0};
  status = RegOpenKeyEx(
   HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE,
   ADAPTER_KEY,
   0,
   KEY_READ, 
   &adapter_key);
  dwError = GetLastError();
 
  FormatMessage(
  FORMAT_MESSAGE_FROM_SYSTEM,
  NULL,                       
  0,
  0,
  szError,
  sizeof(szError),
  NULL);

看不出任何错误，桂杰提示说 是不是双字节啊，我想了一下 openvpn编译

openvpn属性 配置属性 ->常规 中项目默认值 选择 使用多字节字符集。

直接运行gdb nginx 会出现 No symbol table info available。

编译的时候 加入CFLAGS="-g -O0"  ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/server/nginx     --with-cc-opt="-I /usr/include/pcre -I /usr/include/openssl" --with-debug    --with-http_stub_status_module       --with-http_ssl_module --with-http_realip_module --with-http_ssl_module --with-http_perl_module --with-http_stub_status_module

然后 make

make install

MSVCRT.lib(MSVCR80.dll) : error LNK2005: ___iob_func already defined in LIBCMT.lib(_file.obj)

MSVCRT.lib(MSVCR80.dll) : error LNK2005: _printf already defined in LIBCMT.lib(printf.obj)

MSVCRT.lib(MSVCR80.dll) : error LNK2005: _fprintf already defined in LIBCMT.lib(fprintf.obj)

MSVCRT.lib(MSVCR80.dll) : error LNK2005: _exit already defined in LIBCMT.lib(crt0dat.obj)

MSVCRT.lib(MSVCR80.dll) : error LNK2005: _free already defined in LIBCMT.lib(free.obj)

MSVCRT.lib(MSVCR80.dll) : error LNK2005: _malloc already defined in LIBCMT.lib(malloc.obj)

MSVCRT.lib(MSVCR80.dll) : error LNK2005: _calloc already defined in LIBCMT.lib(calloc.obj)

MSVCRT.lib(MSVCR80.dll) : error LNK2005: _fflush already defined in LIBCMT.lib(fflush.obj)

LINK : warning LNK4098: defaultlib 'MSVCRT' conflicts with use of other libs; use /NODEFAULTLIB:library
这个很简单，库设置的问题
"solution properties --> configuration properties --> C/C++ --> Code Generation --> Runtime library" 改为 "multi-thread DLL".
然后出现了 libeay32.lib(cryptlib.obj) : fatal error LNK1103: debugging information corrupt; recompile module
只好重现编译一下openssl 0.9.8.d,接着出现了
C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio 10.0\VC\INCLUDE\errno.h(92) : error C2220: warning treated as error - no 'object' file generated
C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio 10.0\VC\INCLUDE\errno.h(92) : warning C4005: 'EADDRINUSE' : macro redefinition
tmp32\e_os.h(153) : see previous definition of 'EADDRINUSE'
NMAKE : fatal error U1077: '"C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio 10.0\VC\BIN\cl.EXE"' : return code '0x2' Stop.
翻看一下源码 ，怀疑是openssl的bug。
下载 openssl-1.0.0d，编译解决问题。

#g++找到头文件的路径
CPLUS_INCLUDE_PATH=$CPLUS_INCLUDE_PATH:/usr/include/libxml2
export CPLUS_INCLUDE_PATH=/usr/java/jdk1.6.0_13/include/:/usr/java/jdk1.6.0_13/include/linux/

#找到动态链接库的路径
LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$LD_LIBRARY_PATH
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH

#找到静态库的路径
LIBRARY_PATH=$LIBRARY_PATH
export LIBRARY_PATH

首先打开Visual Studio 2005 Command Prompt，进入到zlib-1.2.5\contrib\masmx86，然后运行bld_ml32.bat，生成inffas32.obj和match686.obj。
然后把这两个文件copy到zlib-1.2.5下，输入命令行
nmake -f win32/Makefile.msc LOC="-DASMV -DASMINF" OBJA="inffas32.obj match686.obj"
最后编译出zdll.lib

make
 make install
 make clean
 cp php.ini-dist /usr/local/lib/php.ini

编辑php.ini文件:
 查找:
 ;default_charset = "iso-8859-1"
 在这行下面加一行
 default_charset = "gbk"

不能把AddType application/x-httpd-php .php 直接加入httpd.conf文件
启动apache出现
Invalid command 'AddType', perhaps misspelled or defined by a module not included in the server configuration
加入
<IfModule mime_module>
    #
    # TypesConfig points to the file containing the list of mappings from
    # filename extension to MIME-type.
    #
    TypesConfig conf/mime.types

    #
    # AddType allows you to add to or override the MIME configuration
    # file specified in TypesConfig for specific file types.
    #
    #AddType application/x-gzip .tgz
    #
    # AddEncoding allows you to have certain browsers uncompress
    # information on the fly. Note: Not all browsers support this.
    #
    #AddEncoding x-compress .Z
    #AddEncoding x-gzip .gz .tgz
    #
    # If the AddEncoding directives above are commented-out, then you
    # probably should define those extensions to indicate media types:
    #
    AddType application/x-compress .Z
    AddType application/x-gzip .gz .tgz
    AddType application/x-httpd-php .php
    #
    # AddHandler allows you to map certain file extensions to "handlers":
    # actions unrelated to filetype. These can be either built into the server
    # or added with the Action directive (see below)
    #
    # To use CGI scripts outside of ScriptAliased directories:
    # (You will also need to add "ExecCGI" to the "Options" directive.)
    #
    #AddHandler cgi-script .cgi

    # For type maps (negotiated resources):
    #AddHandler type-map var

    #
    # Filters allow you to process content before it is sent to the client.
    #
    # To parse .shtml files for server-side includes (SSI):
    # (You will also need to add "Includes" to the "Options" directive.)
    #
    #AddType text/html .shtml
    #AddOutputFilter INCLUDES .shtml
</IfModule>
<IfModule dir_module>
    DirectoryIndex index.html index.php
</IfModule>
修改httpd.conf
加入
LoadModule authz_host_module modules/mod_authz_host.so
LoadFile /usr/lib/libxml2.so
LoadModule mime_module  modules/mod_mime.so

LoadModule php5_module        modules/libphp5.so
否则会出现
[Thu May 26 22:22:22 2011] [error] [client 192.168.100.216] Attempt to serve directory: /usr/local/apache2/htdocs/
[Thu May 26 22:39:47 2011] [notice] caught SIGTERM, shutting down
[Thu May 26 22:39:50 2011] [notice] Apache/2.2.17 (Unix) PHP/5.2.17 configured -- resuming normal operations
[Thu May 26 22:43:07 2011] [notice] caught SIGTERM, shutting down

验证apxs安装
/usr/local/apache2/bin/apxs -c -i

安装modsecurity
来源位置: http://cdnetworks-kr-1.dl.sourceforge.net/project/mod-security/modsecurity-apache/2.6.0/modsecurity-apache_2.6.0.tar.gz
 ./configure --with-apxs=/usr/local/apache2/bin/apxs --with-pcre=/usr/local/bin/pcre-config --with-apr=/usr/local/apache2/bin/apr-1-config --with-apu=/usr/local/apache2/bin/apu-1-config
make
make install

创建目录modsecurity
mkdir      /usr/local/apache2/conf/modsecurity/
修改httpd.conf
加入
LoadFile /usr/lib/libxml2.so
LoadModule unique_id_module modules/mod_unique_id.so
LoadModule security2_module modules/mod_security2.so

安装mysql

tar zxvf mysql-5.5.12.tar.gz
cd mysql-5.5.12
mkdir -p /usr/local/mysql/
cmake -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local/mysql \
-DMYSQL_UNIX_ADDR=/tmp/mysql.sock \
-DDEFAULT_CHARSET=utf8 \
-DDEFAULT_COLLATION=utf8_general_ci \
-DWITH_EXTRA_CHARSETS:STRING=utf8,gbk \
-DWITH_MYISAM_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
-DWITH_INNOBASE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
-DWITH_MEMORY_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
-DWITH_READLINE=1 \
-DENABLED_LOCAL_INFILE=1 \
-DMYSQL_DATADIR=/data/mysql/data \
-DMYSQL_USER=mysql
make
make install

chmod +w /usr/local/mysql
chown -R mysql:mysql /usr/local/mysql
ln -s /usr/local/mysql/lib/libmysqlclient.so.18 /usr/lib/libmysqlclient.so.18

mkdir -p /data/mysql/
mkdir -p /data/mysql/data/
mkdir -p /data/mysql/log/
chown -R mysql:mysql /data/mysql/

cd support-files/

删除以前可能存在mysql.cnf
rm -fr /etc/my.cnf
cp my-large.cnf /data/mysql/my.cnf

cp my-large.cnf /etc/my.cnf
cp mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld

添加mysql用户
groupadd mysql
useradd -g mysql mysql
chown mysql.mysql -R /usr/local/mysql/data/mysql/

添加开机启动
chmod +x /etc/init.d/mysqld
vi /etc/init.d/mysqld
basedir=/usr/local/mysql
datadir=/data/mysql/data

chkconfig --add mysqld
chkconfig --level 345 mysqld on
 service mysqld start

 修改root密码

/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqladmin -h 127.0.0.1 -u root password '123456'
/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql -u root -p

输入密码 123456

>show databases

出现 Starting MySQL.Manager of pid-file quit without updating file

一般是因为mysql进程没有杀干净，这是killall是不行的。

[root@web init.d]# ps -A|grep mysql
11932 pts/1    00:00:00 mysqld_safe
12084 pts/1    00:00:00 mysqld

kill -9 杀之

int main(int argc, char **argv)
{

        time_t current_time;
        long seconds;

        seconds = time(&current_time);

        printf("The current time is : %ld.\n",seconds);

        exit(0);

}
2.6.18以后kernel headers删除了_syscall1宏，应该使用syscall()。
#define _GNU_SOURCE
#include <errno.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <syscall.h>
#include <unistd.h>

#define __NR_time               13 /* normally defined in <asm/unistd.h> */

int main(int argc, char **argv)
{

        time_t current_time;
        long seconds;

        seconds = syscall(__NR_time,&current_time);

        printf("The current time is : %ld.\n",seconds);

        exit(0);

}