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[English][收藏]英语中颜色相关词汇的引伸含义及其翻译 |
本文转载自W3CHINA.ORG讨论区(BBS.W3CHINA.ORG) 原文链接以下为原文:英语中颜色相关词汇的引伸含义及其翻译
在日常生活中,色彩是最富有表现力的语言,不仅能表现某种品格、传达某种情绪,而且已成为最敏捷、最通俗的交流工具。人们借用色彩来抒发自己的情感,丰富自己的语言。 中西方在运用色彩表示意义方面也存在着明显差异。中国的吉庆色为红色,西方的婚礼色为白色,圣诞色为红、绿、白;中国的明黄为天子的象征,西方的皇家与主教的衣着为紫色。在英语中,表示色彩的词汇可以用来表示人的情绪和性格,还可以用于象征、借代和比喻。例如:He was born in the purple(他出身于高贵家族)这里purple(紫色)的意思是华丽、富贵;She is so jolly green(她实在幼稚得可笑)这里green(绿色)表示幼稚;I have had the blues all day(我一整天都心绪不佳)blue(蓝色)比喻情绪低落。下面,我们将讨论一下英语中色彩词汇的引伸含义及其翻译问题。
一、表示人的情绪和性格。
Blue:蓝色,表示忧郁,情绪低落。例如:
Mary has felt blue ever since her boyfriend left for Europe./ 自从她男朋友到欧洲去以后,玛莉一直感到闷闷不乐。
But the blue did occasionally bother all the adults./ 但是大人们也免不了会偶尔感到心情不佳。
Black:黑色
(1)表示恶毒、凶狠、邪恶的。例如:
I am not so black as you painted me./ 我并不像你描写的那么可怕。
Without answering his questions, she gave him a long, black stare./ 她没有回答他的问题,反而恶狠狠地瞪了他好一会儿。
Othello entered the chamber, full of the black purpose which he had meditated of putting his lady to death./ 奥赛罗怀着要害死他夫人的邪恶念头,走进了屋里。
(2)表示令人沮丧,情绪低落。例如:
Don’t talk to him, he is in black mood now./ 别跟他说话,他现在情绪低落。
That was one of my black days./ 那是令我沮丧的一天。
(3)表示怒气冲冲。例如:
He was black and blind with hatred of her./ 他怒气冲天,茫然,对她恨之入骨。
Why, how very black and disagreeable you look./ 瞧你那怒气冲冲不快活的样子。
Green:绿色
(1) 表示嫉妒。例如:
Alice’s girlfriends were green with envy when they saw her new dress./ 艾丽丝的女朋友们看到艾丽丝的新衣服时,非常嫉妒。
(2)表示幼稚。例如:
You are still as green as grass, Jon./ 乔恩,你还很幼稚。
He is rather green, but a couple of years in the army will make him wiser./ 他还相当缺乏经验,不过在部队呆上几年会使他聪明些。
Do you see any green in my eye?/ 你以为我幼稚可欺吗?
Red:红色,表示愤怒。例如:
She is red with anger./ 她气得满脸通红。
see red:愤怒欲狂
When I hear of cruelty to animals it makes me see red./ 当我听到如此惨忍对待动物,气得我怒不可遏。
Pink:粉红色
All the family is in the pink./ 全家人的身体都好极了。
Children are always feeling in the pink./ 孩子们总是快乐无忧。
Purple:紫色
become purple in the face/ 气得脸色发紫,狂怒
He referred to me as the enemy and used to go purple in the face at the very mention of my name./ 他以前视我为敌人,只要一提到我的名字,他就气得脸色发紫。
White:白色
(1)表示纯洁,善意。例如:
So this was "our son"—this handsome young man with aristocratic and the white smile and broad shoulders./ 这就是“我们的儿子”--这个五官高贵,笑容纯洁,体格魁梧的漂亮小伙子。
(2) a white lie:无恶意的谎言。例如:
Though I believe in telling the truth, I think a white lie is sometimes justified.
虽然我认为应该说实话,但我认为不怀恶意的谎言有时也是无可非议的。
二、色彩词汇所表示的其它含义
Blue:
(1) out of the blue:突然,出乎意料的。例如:
The old coins were lost for years, then they turned up one day, quite out of the blue./ 丢失了多年的古币终于找到了,真是出乎意料。
(2) once in a blue moon:难以得到的。例如:
You get a chance like this only once in a blue moon./ 这种机会真是千载难逢。
(3) blue in the face:无济于事。例如:
You can shout till you are blue in the face, I’m not going to change my mind.
你再大喊大叫也无济于事,我是不会改变我的主张的。
(4) till all is blue:没完没了地。例如:
You can talk till all is blue but I shall not believe it./ 你可以没完没了地说下去,但是我是不会相信你。
Black:
(1) black and blue:鼻青脸肿
Mrs Ford is beaten black and blue, you can’t see a white spot about her./ 福特太太被打得遍体鳞伤,全身没一块好肉。
(2) black and white
a. 白纸黑字:
He insisted on putting the agreement down in black and white./ 他坚持要把这项协议白纸黑字写下来。
b. 黑白影片
On television, I like colour for something, and black and white for others.
在电视上,有些节目我喜欢彩色的,有些我却喜欢黑白的。
c. 是非分明;绝对化。
Everything is black and white to Bill; if you are not his friend, you are his enemy./ 比尔把什么都看成是绝对的,你若不是他的朋友,便是他的敌人。
(3) know black from white:精明机敏,有判断力。例如:
He is so experienced that he knows black from white./ 他经验丰富,所以很有判断力。
(4) paint sb black:往某人脸上抹黑。例如:
"I’m glad for my own sake, that he is not so black as he is painted."/ 我为我自己感到高兴,高兴他不是象你说的那么坏。
(5) black out:涂掉,掩蔽。例如:
Darkness was blacking out both sea and jungle./ 暮蔼渐渐地掩蔽了海洋和丛林。
(6) in sb’s black books:得罪某人。例如:
I am in lady Agatha’s black books at present./ 眼下我得罪了亚加沙夫人。
Green:
(1) give sb the green light:为某人开绿灯。例如:
Mother gave us the green light to go on camping trip./ 母亲为我们的宿营旅行开了绿灯。
(2) 充满活力,强壮:
Though in the green, he may not equal to the task./ 尽管他还年富力强,但他也许不能胜任这个工作。
The beat—looking grass lying around isn’t enough to make their lives green./ 四周的草坪毫无生气,不足以为他们的生命增添活力。
(3) 青草地,青菜:
I hope to have seen him on the green tonight./ 我希望能在青草地见到他。
Had I not eaten the plate of greens, Granny would not allow me out again./ 假如我不吃完那盘青菜,奶奶是不准我再出来的。
Red:
(1) red-handed:当场捉住
They came out of the bank carrying the money and the police caught them red-handed./ 他们带着赃款从银行里出来,被警察当场捉住。
(2) go into the red:欠债,出现赤字
This has meant they went heavily into the red./ 这就意味着他们出现了严重的赤字。
(3) be out of the red:盈利
We will soon be out of the red./ 我们不久就要转亏为盈了。
Pink:完美的。例如:
pink love/ 完美的爱情
Their new cook seemed to be the pink of perfection./ 他们的新厨师看来是好到了极点。
One day, she was pink and flawless;another pale and tragical./ 有时她娇妍,完美,而有时她就灰白,凄楚。
Purple:
(1)缥渺:
Throughout that night I lay in the purple limbo between sleeping and waking./ 我在半睡半醒的缥渺的幻境中度过整夜。
(2)华美的
This is the unsounded purple sea of marching billows./ 这是一个浪涛滚滚的不安宁的华美的大海。
Yellow:
(1)晴朗:
The yellow afternoon had the warm breath of summer./ 晴朗的下午已经有夏日的温暖气息。
(2)废物,窝囊:
I can’t even talk about it, except to you, because anybody else would think I was yellow./ 除你之外,这种事不能对别人说,因为他们会觉得我窝囊。
(3)卑鄙无耻:
It’s really yellow./ 这真是卑鄙的勾当。
White:
(1)表示吉利,幸福:
They choose a white day for their engagement./ 他们选择吉日订婚。
We can’t forget those days marked with a white stone./ 我们难以忘怀那些幸福的日子。
(2)call white black:颠倒黑白。例如:
He is the kind of person who calls white black./ 他就是那种颠倒黑白的人。
三、与其它词组成复合词
Blue:
blue book/ 蓝皮书(英政府文件),blue collar worker/ 蓝领工人,blue film/ 色情影片,blue stocking/ 学者、书呆子,blue -jacket/ 水兵,blue blood/ 高贵血统,blue law/ 清教徒法规,blue-ribbon/ 名著佳作
Black:
black box/ 黑匣子,black death/ 黑死病,black sheep/ 败家子, black tea/ 红茶,black comedy/ 黑色喜剧,black list/ 黑名单,black magic/ 妖术,black market/ 黑市
Green:
green back/ 美钞,green book/(英)绿皮书,green fingers/(英)园艺技工,green hand/新手、没有经验的人,green house/ 温室,green power/(美)金钱力量,green room/ 演员休息室
Red:
red-blind/ 红色色盲,red cap/(美)车站搬运工,red head/ 红头发人,red blooded/ 勇敢、充满活力
Pink:
pink-eye/火眼,pink lady/ 白兰地、柠檬汁调制成的鸡尾酒,pink slip/ 解雇通知书,pink tea/(讲究仪式的)午后茶会
White:
white terror/ 白色恐怖,white light/ 白光,公正无私的判断,white magic/ 戏法,魔术,white night/ 不眠之夜
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